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KMID : 1159320100120010053
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Korean Journal of Vision Science
2010 Volume.12 No. 1 p.53 ~ p.63
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An Analysis on the horizontal Phoria of the Elementary School children With Age
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Youn Mi-Ok
Bae Hyun-Ju
So Jong-Phil
Lee Sun-Haeng
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Abstract
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Purpose: This study analyzed the relationship between horizontal phoria and age.
Method: The heterophoria of 166 children at 4 elementary school in Gyeongsangnamdo was measured with Howell card and investigated uncorrected visual acuity and refraction.
Results: The means of age were 10.7±2.0years in all subjects, the means of uncorrected visual acuity were 0.60±0.39 in all subjects. And the means of best corrected visual acuity were 1.01±0.06 in all subjects, the means of spherical equivalent refraction were -1.06±1.53D. Among all of the subjects of the far phoria with age, the exophoria was 92 children(55.4%), the esophoria was 39 children(23.5%), the orthophoria was 35 children(21.1%)(f = 32.259, p = 0.000). In the 8 years, the exophoria was 14 children(41.2%), the esophoria was 11 children(32.4%), the orthophoria was 9 children(26.5%)(f = 13.857, p = 0.000). In the 9 years, the exophoria was 21 children(55.3%), the esophoria was 8 children(21.1%), the orthophoria was 9 children(23.7%)(f = 16.955, p = 0.000). In the 12 years, the exophoria was 36 children(62.1%), The esophoria was 13 children(22.4%), The orthophoria was 9 children(1.7%)(f = 8.924 p = 0.000). In the 13 years the exophoria was 22 children(61.1%), the esophoria was 7 children(19.4%), the orthophoria was 8 children(22.2%)(f = 8.371, p = 0.001). Among all of the subjects of the near phoria with age, the exophoria was 107 children(64.5%), the esophoria was 38 children(22.9%), the orthophoria was 21 children(12.7%)(f = 33.138, p = 0.000). The exophoria was 21 children(61.8%), the esophoria was 9 children (26.5%), the orthophoria was 4 children(11.76%) in the 8 years. The exophoria was 24 children(63.2%), the esophoria was 8 children(21.1%), the orthophoria was 6 children(15.8%) in the 9 years. The exophoria was 36 children(62.1%), The esophoria was 17 children(29.3%), The orthophoria was 5 children(8.6%) in the 12 years. The exophoria was 26 children(72.2%), the esophoria was 4 children(11.1%), the orthophoria was 6 children(16.7%) in the 13
years. In a study of 166 cases found a low, non-significant correlation between far phoria and increasing age. There is a significant correlation of near phoria between 8 years and 9 years(r = 0.710, p<0.0001), and there is no significant correlation of near phoria, aged from 9 to 12 years.
Conclusion: In a study of 166 elementary children, found non-significant correlation between far phoria and increasing age. There is a significant correlation of near phoria between 8 years and 9 years.
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KEYWORD
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horizontal phoria, far distance phoria, near distance phoria, age, correlation
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